On
September 10, 1862, Lewis H. Steiner, Inspector of the Sanitary Commission
stated, "At four o'clock this morning the rebel army began to move from
our town, Jackson's force taking the advance. . . . The most liberal
calculations could not give them more than 64,000 men. Over 3,000 negroes must be included in this
number. . . . Most of the negroes had arms, rifles, muskets, sabres,
bowie-knives, dirks, etc. They were
supplied, in many instances, with knapsacks, haversacks, canteens, etc., and
were manifestly an integral portion of the Southern Confederacy Army. .
."1
In an 1868 interview with General Bedford Forrest, the United States 40th Congress 3rd Session reported that General Forrest said," “I want you to understand distinctly, I am not an enemy to the negro. We want him here among us; he is the only laboring class we have, and more than that, I would sooner trust him than a white scalawag or carpet-bagger. When I entered the army I took 47 negroes into the army with me, and 45 of them were surrendered with me. I said to them at the start: 'This fight is against slavery; if we lose it, you will be made free; if we whip the fight, and you stay with me and be good boys, I will set you free. In either case you will be free. Those boys stayed with me, drove my teams, and better confederates did not live.'"2
In
a 1861 Volume IV Official Records compilation by John C. Stiles, the
Grapevine News reported that "A Yankee colonel wrote that his scouts
reported that the Richmond Howitzer Battery, C.S.A., was manned by negroes
and he thought the report was correct."3
Following
the Battle of Murfreesborough, Tennessee, United States
(Union) Lieutenant Colonel John G. Parkhurst with the 9th Michigan
Infantry reports,"The
forces attacking my camp were the First Regiment Texas Rangers, Colonel
Wharton, and a battalion of the First Georgia Rangers, Colonel Morrison. . .
. There were also quite a number of negroes attached to the Texas and Georgia
troops, who were armed and equipped, and took part in the several engagements
with my forces during the day."4
Number Unknown
1Steiner, Lewis. Report of Lewis H. Steiner:
Inspector of the Sanitary Commission, Containing a Diary Kept During the Rebel
Occupation of Federick, Maryland. New York: Anson D. F. Randolph., 1862.
2United States War Department: Message of the President of the United States and Accompanying Documents. Annual report of the Secretary of War, Volume 1. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1868. Web. August 10, 2010.
3Cunnigham,
S.A. Confederate Veteran, Volume 25, No. 3. Nashville, Tenn., March 1917. Web.
28 May 2010.
4Scott, Robert. "War of the Rebellion: A
Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and confederate Armies."
Washington: Government Printing Office. Series I, Volume XVI. p. 805. Web. 28
April 2010.